In 1923, Madras Hindu Religious Endowments Act was passed by Madras Presidency. In 1925, the Government constituted “The Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Board” consisting of a President and two to four Commissioners nominated by the Government to function as a statutory body.
What is religious endowment?
religious endowment” or “endowment” means all property belonging to or given or endowed for the support of maths or temples.
What is temple Act in India?
Section 23 of the HRCE Act gives arbitrary power to the government to bring any temple under its purview, and Section 25 gives the power to a management committee to run a temple.
What are various kinds of religious endowment?
Different Kinds of Endowments
(a) Public or private; (b) Real or apparent; (c) Absolute or partial; (d) Religious or charitable; (e) Valid or invalid.
What are the essentials of endowment?
5 Main Conditions which are to be established for a Valid Endowment under Hindu Law
- (1) Absolute Dedication:
- (2) Object Must Be Definite:
- (3) Property Must Be Definite:
- (4) Person setting or creating the Endowment should be Competent Person:
- (5) Endowment must not be opposed to Law:
What are the three types of endowments?
Based on the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the three distinct types of endowments are:
- Term Endowment. A term endowment, unlike most other endowments, is not perpetual.
- True Endowment. When a donor provides funds to the endowment, it is specified that they are to be kept perpetually.
- Quasi-Endowment.
How is endowment created in Hindu law?
To constitute a valid endowment, it must be established that the donor intended to divest himself of his ownership in the property dedicated. The original signification of the term Math or Matha is a building or set of buildings in which Hindu religious mendicants reside under a superior, who is called a Mahant.
Why do governments control temples?
State administration of temples dates back to the period of colonial rule with the Madras Regulation VII of 1817, under which temples were brought under government control. With this, the state took over administration of not just the temples but even the land attached to them.
Who controls temple trusts in India?
The Government has the power to do so as per the Constitution. This Act was revamped in 1950 and made into article 25, 26.
What is Charitable Endowment Act?
The Charitable Endowments Act, 1890. Long Title: An Act to provide for the vesting and administration of property held in trust for charitable purposes. Ministry: Ministry of Law and Justice.
Who can make a gift under Hindu law?
Section 122 of Transfer of Property Act defines a gift as the transfer of an existing moveable or immovable property. Such transfers must be made voluntarily and without consideration. The transferor is known as the donor and the transferee is called the donee. The gift must be accepted by the donee.
What are the rights and duties of the Mahant?
The duty of Mahant is not only to manage the Matha but also the propagation of the spiritual and religious knowledge. For this he arranges religious discourses and also executes the guru-pupil tradition for the dissemination of the religious knowledge of its sect.
What do you mean by partition under Hindu law?
Partition is an act by which a coparcener severs his relations with joint family and loses his status of coparcener. The essence of coparcenary is unity of ownership. No undivided member in the coparcenary property has any specific share in the property so long as the family is joint.
What is public endowment?
A public endowment is a legal institution which functions in addition or as an alternative to a nonprofit organization or a public purpose company, and which management may be easier and simpler since it is carried out by a trustee.
What is the purpose of endowments?
Endowments allow donors to transfer their private dollars to public purposes with the assurance that their gifts will serve these purposes for as long as the institution continues to exist. Endowments serve institutions and the public by: Providing stability.
How does a endowment work?
Endowed funds differ from others in that the total amount of the gift is invested. Each year, only a portion of the income earned is spent while the remainder is added to the principal for growth. In this respect, an endowment is a perpetual gift.
What is an endowment policy?
An endowment policy is a type of life insurance policy designed to pay a lump sum on maturity or on death. An endowment policy can be used to build a risk-free savings corpus, while providing financial protection for family in case of an unfortunate event.
What is Article 25 of the Indian Constitution?
Constitution of India. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion. (1) Subject to public order, morality and health and to the other provisions of this Part, all persons are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practise and propagate religion.
Is Tirupati temple under government?
Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) is an independent trust which manages the temples including the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple in Andhra Pradesh. The trust oversees the operations and finances of the second richest and the most visited religious center in the world.
What happens to temple money?
“Our (Hindu) places (temples and shrines) remain under the government control with the district collector as chairman (of temple committees). The money (donated to) Hindu temples, including the big ones, is going to minorities.
Who is the owner of temples in India?
The Supreme Court has held that all temple property is owned by the deity as a legal person and the name of the pujari or even the government officials in charge of managing the temple cannot be put in the property ownership papers in the revenue records.
